English is just a language

A word referring to ‘an action or a state of being’ can work as either a verb or noun or an adjective. If it works as a noun it is either the infinitive or gerund, and if it performs the action of an adjective it’s the participle. To understand this read it carefully. They try to beat me. We see that there are two action words in the above sentence TRY and BEAT. One of them is verb and the other not. Now, let’s try to find out the verb out of them. Of course we put WHO or WHAT before an action word to find the subject; if an answer is there to the question, it’s a verb, otherwise not. So two questions now are ’WHO TRY?’ and ‘WHO BEAT?’. We see that the question WHO TRY is giving an answer i.e. THEY, but the question WHO BEAT isn’t giving us any answer. So, we can say they the word TRY is the verb in the sentence, but the word BEAT not. Now we’ll see what function the action word BEAT is doing here. We know that if we put WHOM or WHAT after the verb we get the object of that verb a

Active: They will do the work Passive: The work will be done by them. When the person doing the action is the subject, we use an Active verb. But when the subject is what the action is pointed at, then we use a passive verb. As in the above example, ACTIVE sentence is the one where the person (THEY) is also the subject of the sentence. While PASSIVE sentence is the one, where the subject is the action showing word (WORK). NOTE: However, the sentences only with transitive verb (verb with object) can be changed into PASSIVE VOICE. For Example, Active: The man is running. Passive: Not Possible as the object after verb (Running) is missing. To Recognize the Active & Passive Sentence easily ask these question. What is the action/verb in this sentence? What/who is the subject of this sentence? Is the subject of the sentence PERFORMING the action/verb? If the answer to the last question is YES, then the sentence is in the ACTIVE voice. If the answer to the last question is N

Rule 1: When the suffix “full” is added to a word, one “ I” is removed. Eg- Faith + full = faithful Use + full= useful Rule 2: If the word to which the suffix “full” is added ends in “ll”, one “I” is removed from the word also. Eg: Skill +full = skilful Will + full= wilful Rule 3:  Words of two or three syllables ending in single vowel + single consonant double the final consonant if the last syllable is stressed. Eg- Permit + ed = permitted Occur + ing =occurring Control + ed =controlled Begin + ing = beginning Rule 4:  Consonant ‘I’ is doubled in the words ending in single vowel + “I” before a suffix beginning with a vowel eg. Signal + ing = signalling Repel + ent = repellent Quarrel + ed = quarrelled Travel + er = traveller Rule 5: Words ending in silent “e”, drop the “e” before a suffix beginning with a vowel eg. Hope + ing = hoping Live + ed = lived Drive + er = driver Tire + ing= tiring Rule 6: If the suffix begins with a consonant “e” is not dr

In English there are two types of articles: (i)   The Indefinite Articles (ii)  The Definite Article The Indefinite Articles : A and An (Please note that ‘An’ is a variant of ‘A’.) 'A' and 'An' are to be used with Nouns that are singular.  Singular Nouns are, To simply put, we can put one, two, ... in front of them. The Definite Article : The 1. The indefinite article ‘a’ is used before:  (a) a word beginning with a letter having a consonant sound.   Examples:  a book, a man, a dinner. (b) a word that begins with a letter (like O) with the sound like ‘wa’   Examples: a one-rupee note, one-eyed man etc. (c) a word beginning with ‘u’ or ‘eu’ giving the consonant of ‘yu’.  Examples: a university, a European. 2. The indefinite article ‘an’ is used before: (a) a word beginning with a letter like a, e, i, o, u having a vowel sound. Examples:  an apple, an egg,  an umbrella, an idiot, etc. (b) a word beginning with ‘h’ but the pronunciation starts with a vowel

Prepositions of Spatial Relationship The following are some prepositions which describe spatial relationships – where something is in relation to something else: above, across, against, ahead of, along, among, around, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, from, in front of, inside, near, off, out of, through, toward, under, within. Ex: There is a small plaque under the painting. The dog ran ahead of its owner. There is a space between his front teeth. Come sit near the fire. Where the heck did you come from? Rule 1 : A preposition generally, but not always, goes before its noun or pronoun. One of the undying myths of English grammar is that you may not end a sentence with a preposition. But look at the first example that follows. No one should feel compelled to say, or even write. Just do not use extra prepositions when the meaning is clear without them. Ex: Correct: That is something I cannot agree with. Correct: Where did you get this? Incorrect: Where did you get th

Uses of Prepositions Prepositions define direction, time, location, and spatial relationships. Direction: At the end of the hall, turn to the left. Time: We’ve been working since early this morning. Location: We saw a movie at the theater. Space: The dog under the table. Common Prepositions about, above, across, after, against, along, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, but, by, despite, down, during, except, for, from, in, inside, into, like, near, of, off, on, onto, out, outside, over, past, since, through, throughout, till, to, toward, under, underneath, until, up, upon, with, within, without Prepositions – Time On - days of the week Ex: on Monday In - months / seasons, time of day, year, after a certain period of time (when?) Ex: in August / in winter in the morning in 2006 in an hour At - for night,  for weekend,  a certain point of time (when?) Ex: at night at the weekend at half past nine Since - from a certain point

Where should they not be used ? Prepositions define the place of something with respect to other things. Altering the preposition can change the meaning of the whole sentence. But yes, there are some words which do not require a preposition with them as they are complete in themselves. Resembles something not Resembles to/with something Don't Say: He resembles to/with his father. Say: He resembles his father.  Investigate the matter not Investigate into the matter Don't Say: A special officer was appointed to investigate into the murder case.  Say: A special officer was appointed to investigate the murder case Order something not Order for something Don't Say: She ordered for coffee. Say: She ordered coffee. Pick a quarrel not Pick up a quarrel Don't Say: She is ready to pick up a quarrel in every discussion. Say: She is ready to pick a quarrel in every discussion. Ask me not Ask from me Don't Say: Please don't ask from me the address. Say: Pleas

Prepositions are words which show the relationship between a noun or a pronoun object and some other words in the sentence. They are always followed by nouns or pronouns. SIMPLE PREPOSITIONS Simple Prepositions are "short" or "little" words that express relationships including those of space, time, and degree. Ex: at, by, from, over, till, upon, up, under, with, down Definitions of some important simple prepositions 1. At (near, close to, with a purpose) At is a common preposition with two main meanings. At indicates a position in space. At indicates a point in time. ‘at a position in space’ At is used for place or location, when we cannot use ON or IN. Ex: My son is sitting at the table, doing their homework At is used with expressions of clock time. Ex: The concert starts at 6.30 on Staturday evening At with Numbers Ex: Now a days most people retire at the age of 60 At for towards (a goal of the action) Ex: Throw a stone at the dog 2. By (Place,

1.       After Preposition always use Verb 1st form + ing. 2.       Do not use any preposition with HOME or HOUSE if these words are mentioned- GO, BRING, GET, REACH, ARRIVE etc. 3.       When two words are added with any conjunction then clarify them with their respective prepositions. 4.       Do not use ON, IN, AT before TODAY, TOMORROW, THE PREVIOUS DAY, YESTERDAY, THE LAST DAY etc. 5.       Use TO with the following words- SAY, SUGGEST, PROPOSE, SPEAK, REPLY, EXPLAIN, COMPLAIN, TALK, LISTEN, WRITE etc. 6.       Do not use preposition with these words in active voice- DISCUSS, ORDER RESIST, EMPHASIS, STRESS, INVESTIGATE, ACCOMPANY, REGISN, TELL, ATTACH etc. The Precautions to use prepositions are as follows: PREPOSITION 1: AND BETWEEN ·         AND is used with BETWEEN. Do not use TO with BETWEEN. PREPOSITION 2: ABOVE UNDER BENEATH LOWER ·         ABOVE & UNDER can be used for Vertical Positions. ·         ABOVE can be used for more than in number or quantity. ·   

A conjunction is the glue that holds words, phrases and clauses (both dependent and independent) together. There are three different kinds of conjunctions––coordinating, subordinating, and correlative––each serving its own, distinct purpose, but all working to bring words together. Coordinating Conjunction Coordinating conjunctions are what come to most people’s minds when they hear the word “conjunction.” They can join together words, phrases and independent clauses. There are seven of them, and they’re easy to remember if you can just remember FAN BOYS: For - Explains reason or purpose (just like “because”) I go to the park every Sunday, for I love to watch the ducks on the lake. And - Adds one thing to another I go to the park every Sunday to watch the ducks on the lake and the shirtless men playing soccer. Nor - Used to present an alternative negative idea to an already stated negative idea I don’t go for the fresh air nor really for the ducks. Honestly, I just like the socc

As you all know *Direct and Indirect* Questions play very important in *SSC CGL Exams*. This topics consist *25 questions* in *CGL Tier II* which is very easy to grab these marks in their score. So Here we are providing you *detailed rules of Direct & Indirect Speech* which will be so helpful for Upcoming SSC Exams. *Direct and Indirect Speech Rules* 🦂🦂🦂🦂🦂🦂🦂🦂🦂🦂 There are two ways of reporting the words spoken by a person. We can reproduce the words exactly spoken or we can express in our own words the substance of what he said. The first of there method is called *Direct speech or Direct Narration*. The second is called *Indirect Speech or Indirect Narration*. Example: *Direct Speech:* Sandy said to his father, “I need more money”. *Indirect Speech :* Sandy told his father that he needed more money. The exact words of the speaker which are put within inverted commas are called the *Reported Speech*. The verb that introduces the Reported speech is called *Reporti

Adverbs Word Order Adverbs are usually placed after the verb: Ex: He speaks clearly. When there is an object, the adverb is usually placed after the verb + object: Ex: I put the vase carefully on the table. However, adverbs are never positioned between the verb and the object. I read the book quickly. - (Correct) I read quickly the book. - (Incorrect) Sometimes adverbs are placed at the beginning of a clause. Ex: Quickly, I changed my opinion. Rules Rule 1 Else is followed  by but  and than follows rather, other and otherwise Ex: Ram has no other alternative but to work hard. (incorrect) Ram has no other alternative than to work hard. (correct) It is nothing else than sheer foolishness. (incorrect) It is nothing else but sheer foolishness. (correct) Rule 2 Adverbs, seldom, never, nowhere, nothing, hardly, scarcely, neither, barely, rarely are negative in meaning. Ex: I hardly know somebody in the society.(incorrect) I hardly know anybody in the society.(correc

An adverb is a word that is used to change or qualify the meaning of an adjective, a verb, a clause, another adverb, or any other type of word or phrase with the exception of determiners and adjectives that directly modify nouns. Simple Adverb Simple Adverb which denotes time, place, number, frequency of manner, reason, degree, affirmation or negation. Ex: Susan writes quickly and well. Ram will visit tomorrow. Let's go home. Note : Adverbs can answer questions like these: "How?" (quickly and well) "When?" (tomorrow) "Where?" (home) "To what extent?" (very funny) Interrogative Adverbs An interrogative adverb asks a question. The interrogative adverbs are how, when, where,and why. Ex: How did you get here? Where are you going next? Conjunctive Adverbs A conjunctive adverb joins two ideas. It can give emphasis to one of the ideas, or answer the question "How are they related?" Some common conjunctive adverbs are besides

Non-finite verbs A non-finite verb is a verb that does not function as the predicate verb in a clause. While some non-finite verbs take the form of past or present participles, they are generally not inflected—that is, they don’t have mood, tense, number, aspect, gender, or person. The opposite of a non-finite verb is a finite verb, which does serve as a predicate verb—for example, the verbs in She walks, He sings, and I went. There are three main types of non-finite verbs: gerunds, infinitives, and participles. Gerunds A gerund is an -ing verb that functions as a noun. Ex: Are you into reading? Sailing is my favourite sport. When the same words are used as adjectives, they are participles. Infinitives Infinitives are non-inflected verbs that are often preceded by to. They may function as adverbs: I struggle to understand. They may function as nouns: To read is good for the mind. And they may function as adjectives: I don’t have time to eat. Participles Participles are

Forms of Verbs 1. Present (Ist form) 2. Past (2nd form) 3. Past Participle (3rd form) 4. Present Partciple (ing form) English Grammar Main Verbs Those Verbs that express an action, an occurrence or a state of being and those which have V1 /  V2 / V3 /  ing or  s / es forms are called Main Verbs. Ex: I know you. (V1) I knew you. (V2) I have known you for two years. (V3) The forms of Main Verbs will change if the sentence of the sentence changes. Auxiliary Verbs: They are used in addition to other verbs. These are also called helping verbs. Modal Auxiliary Verbs: They are also called helping verbs. Can, could, may, might, shall, will, would, should, must and ought to are called Modal Auxiliary Verbs. Ex: She can run fast. You should study English. Can and should are Modals and run and study are Main Verbs. Marginal Auxiliary Verbs: Used to, need and dare are Marginal Auxiliary Verbs. These modals can be used as Main Verb (Need & Dare) or an Adjective (used to). Ex