TRICKS OF PRONOUN – II

Use of Reciprocal Pronoun:

RULE:

1. Each other denotes mutual relationship between people/things while one another denotes mutual relationship among more than two things / persons.

Ex: After the farewell the students of class XII bade each other good bye.(use one another in place of each other)

Use of Demonstrative Pronoun:

Demonsrative case is used to point towards a noun/nouns.

Ex: This, that, those, these, such, the same

If they come before a noun ,they are called Demonstrative Adjectives.

RULE:

1. This is used for a singular object / person that is placed closer .

These is plural and is used for more than one object / person that are placed far.

Ex: This is a rose.

These are roses.

2. That is used for a distant thing or a person. That is singular.

Those is used for more than one distant thing / person.Those is plural.

Ex: That is a pen.

Those are pens.

NOTE: To avoid repetition of singular noun that is used. In case of plural noun those is used.

Ex: The climate of Delhi is better than that of Mumbai (it means climate of Mumbai).

The streets of Delhi are wider than those of Mumbai. (it means the streets os Mumbai).

3. In a sentence one is used to avoid the repetition of a singular countable noun.

Ones is used to avoid repetition of plural countable nouns.

Do not use one’s in place of ones.

Ex: This is the new version, that is an old one.

These are new books but those are old ones.

Use of Relative Pronoun:

Those pronoun that connects a clause or phrase  to anounor pronoun is called Relative Pronuon.

Ex: who, which, thwt,what, why etc.

Ex: I met Rama, who was returning from school.

RULE:

1. Relative Pronouns (who/which/that) are used as a subject in subordinate clause.

Ex: The girl who came here is a player.

2. Relative Pronouns (whom/which/that) are used as an object in subordinate clause.

Ex: I have a son whom I love very much.

3. If two antecedents are joined by and one being a human and the other being a non living thing/ animal, a relative pronoun that is used.

Ex: The man and his dog that I saw yesterday have been kidnapped.

4. That is used after a superlative degree .

Ex: Mr. Mishra is the most laborious man that I have ever seen.

5. If All denotes people and is used as a subject, who or that is used and not whom/ which.

Ex: All who/ that are interested to do this work can start now.

6. If all denotes non living things ,that is used and not who or whom.

Ex: All the money that I gave her has been spent.

7. Everything, nothing, the only, any, all, everyone, none, no, nobody, much, little, the same, the few, the little will take that after them.

Ex: My wife has spent the little money that I gave her.

8. If the verb is mentioned , the same + noun is followed by that.

Ex: This is the same man that deceived me.

Possessive Pronoun :

RULE:

1. when two subjects are joined by as well as, with, along with, together with, and not, in addition to, but, besides, except, rather than, accompanied by, like, unlike, no less than, nothing but, the possessive adjective / pronoun will agree with the 1st subject.

Ex: My friend Reena along with her sister is doing her job at Delhi.

2. when each , every , neither, either, anyone is used as subject, 3rd person singular is used as the possessive case.

Ex: Neither of the two brothers has brought their luggage.(Change their into his)

3. If collective noun like Jury, army, fleet, crew etc are used as the subject of the sentence ,it denotes a group and hence singular pronoun or adjective like it ,its, itself is used.

Ex: The jury has given its verdict.

4. If two singular nouns are joined by and and if an article is used before the first singular noun, it denotes one person/thing . Here singular pronoun and adjective-he, him, his,himselfwill come for human beings and it, its, itself will come for non living things.

Ex: The secretary and treasurer is negligent of his duty.

Use of Indefinite Pronouns:

RULE:

1. If one is used as the subject , nominative case one and objective pronoun- oneself is used.

Ex: One should do one’s duty oneself.